一、函電書寫基本原則
1、Courtesy 禮貌
語言要有禮且謙虛，及時(shí)地回信也是禮貌的表現(xiàn)。
例如：
We have received with many thanks your letter of 20 May, and we take the pleasure of sending you our latest catalog. We wish to draw your attention to a special offer which we have made in it.
You will be particularly interested in a special offer on page 5 of the latest catalog enclosed, which you requested in your letter of 20 May.
2、Consideration 體諒
寫信時(shí)要處處從對(duì)方的角度去考慮有什么需求，而不是從自身出發(fā)，語氣上更尊重對(duì)方。
例如：
"You earn 2 percent discount when you pay cash. We will send you the brochure next month. "就比 "We allow 2 percent discount for cash payment. We won't be able to send you the brochure this month." 要好。
3、Completeness 完整
一封商業(yè)信函應(yīng)概況了各項(xiàng)必需的事項(xiàng)，如邀請(qǐng)信應(yīng)說明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等，確忌寄出含糊不清的信件。
4、Clarity 清楚
意思表達(dá)明確，要注意：
（1） 避免用詞錯(cuò)誤：
例如：As to the steamers sailing from Hong Kong to San Francisco, we have bimonthly direct services.
此處bimonthly有歧義：可以是twice a month 或者once two month.故讀信者就迷惑了，可以改寫為：
1.We have two direct sailings every month from Hong Kong to San Francisco.
2.We have semimonthly direct sailing from Hong Kong to San Francisco.
3.We have a direct sailing from Hong Kong to San Francisco.
（2）注意詞語所放的位置：
例如：
. We shall be able to supply 10 cases of the item only.
前者則有兩種商品以上的含義。
（3）注意句子的結(jié)構(gòu)：
例如：
We sent you 5 samples yesterday of the goods which you requested in your letter of May 20 by air.
We sent you, by air, 5 samples of the goods which you requested in your letter of May 20.
5、Conciseness 簡潔
（1）避免廢話連篇：
例如：
.We wish to acknowledge receipt of your letter...可改為：We appreciate your letter...
.Enclosed herewith please find two copies of...可改為: We enclose two copies of...
（2）避免不必要的重復(fù)：
（3）短句、單詞的運(yùn)用：
Enclosed herewith----->enclosed
at this time----->now
due to the fact that----->because
a draft in the amount of $1000----->a draft for $1000
6、Concreteness 具體
7、Correctness 正確
二、樣信
（一）感謝信樣信
Dear Mr. /Ms,
Thank you for your letter of June 4, enclosing an
account of the organization and work of your Chamber
of Commerce and Industry.
We are very grateful for such a detailed account of
your activities. This information is certain to help
increase our future cooperation.
Yours faithfully
尊敬的先生/小姐，
謝謝您六月四日的來信及隨信附上的說明書，該說明書描述了你們工商總會(huì)的工作與組織結(jié)構(gòu)。對(duì)給我們一個(gè)你們活動(dòng)如此詳細(xì)的描述，我們表示非常感謝。這一信息一定能幫助促進(jìn)我們未來的合作。
你誠摯的
（二）祝賀
1. Dear Mr./Ms,
On the occasion of the 35th anniversary of your National
Day, please accept our heartiest congratulations.
May the trade connections between our countries continue to develop with each passing day!
Yours faithfully
尊敬的先生/小姐，
值此國慶三十五周年之際，請(qǐng)接受我們最真誠的祝賀。愿我們兩國之間的貿(mào)易聯(lián)系持續(xù)發(fā)展。
你誠摯的
(三) 告示
1. Opening of new business
Dear Mr./Ms,
We have opened at the above address a sales office
for our products here in New York. We employ a
staff of consultants and a well-trained service
department which makes routine checks on all equipment
purchased from us.
We would be pleased if you would take full advantage
of our services and favorable shopping conditions.
We fully guarantee the quality of our products.
Yours faithfully
尊敬的先生/小姐，
我們已在紐約上述地址為我們的產(chǎn)品開設(shè)了一家辦事處。我們雇有一個(gè)咨詢?nèi)藛T和一支受過良好訓(xùn)練的服務(wù)隊(duì)伍，可以為從我處購買的設(shè)備進(jìn)行日常檢查。如果你能充分利用我們的服務(wù)和良好的購物環(huán)境，我們會(huì)很高興。我們?nèi)姹ＷC產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量。
你誠摯的
2.建立辦事處 Establishment of new branch
Dear Mr./Ms,
Owing to the large increase in the volume of our trade
with this country we have decided to open a branch here,
with Mr. Wang Lo as manager.
The new branch will open on 1st March and from that date
all orders and enquiries should be sent to Mr. Wang Lo
at the above address, instead of to our London office.
We take this opportunity to express our thanks for your
cooperation in the past. We hope the new arrangements
will lead to even better results.
Yours faithfully
尊敬的先生/小姐，
因在該國貿(mào)易額大量增加，我們決定在這里開設(shè)一家分支，由王洛先生任經(jīng)理。新辦事處將于三月一日開業(yè)，今后所有的訂單和詢價(jià), 請(qǐng)按上述地址送到王洛先生那，而不是倫敦辦公室。我們籍此機(jī)會(huì)向您過會(huì)與我們的合作表示感謝，我們希望新的安排能產(chǎn)生好的結(jié)果。
你誠摯的
3.歇業(yè) Discontinuation of business
Dear Mr./Ms,
With the demolition of our premises at the above address
under a redevelopment scheme, the part of our business
carried on there will be discontinued after the end of
October. On Monday, 1st October, we are holding a closing-out sale. Stock on hand will be cleared regardless of cost. There will be substantial reductions in all departments and in some cases, prices will be marked down by as much as one half.
Stock to be cleared is unrivaled in both variety and
quality. As the sale is likely to be well attended,
we hope you make a point of visiting the store as early
as possible during the opening days.
Yours faithfully
尊敬的先生/小姐，
隨著在經(jīng)營重組計(jì)劃下而取消的上述經(jīng)營場(chǎng)所，該處的業(yè)務(wù)將于十月底后停止。在十月一日，星期一，我們將組織一次清倉銷售，現(xiàn)有庫存不論成本都將售。所有部門都將大幅削價(jià)，有的商品折價(jià)會(huì)達(dá)一半。清倉商品無論種類還是質(zhì)量都無可挑剔。因此次銷售參加人員可能較多，我們希望您在清倉銷售期間盡早來。
你誠摯的
4.更改名稱和地址 Change of name and address
Dear Mr./Ms,
At our company meeting on 4 September, it was decided
that the name of our company would be changed to
CNMIEC Lee Co. At the same time, it was decided to
move the company from the above address to No3-6 Broadway Street.
We will appreciate your informing the appropriate
departments of these changes
Yours faithfully
尊敬的先生/小姐，
在公司九月四日的會(huì)議上，我們公司的名稱已決定改為CNMIEC李氏公司。同時(shí)公司由現(xiàn)在地址移到百老匯街3-6號(hào)。
如能把這些變化通知相關(guān)部門，我們將不勝感激。
你誠摯的
5.新的任命 New appointment
Dear Mr./Ms,
We wish to notify you that Mr. Robert Smart, who has
been our representative in Southwest England for the
past seven years, has left our service and therefore
no longer has authority to take orders or collect accounts on our behalf.
We have appointed Mr. Fred Peterson in his place. Mr.
Peterson has for many years been on our sales force
and is thoroughly familiar with the needs of customers
in your area. We trust you will have good cooperation from him.
Yours faithfully
尊敬的先生/小姐，
我們?cè)诖送ㄖ^去七年在英格蘭西南任我們代表的羅伯特斯馬特先生已離開我們公司，他不再代表公司接受訂單收款。我們已任命弗萊德彼特森代替他的位置。彼特森先生已在我們的銷售部門任職多年，完全熟悉你地區(qū)顧客的需要。我們相信您和他能有好的合作。
您誠摯的
6. 公司的建立與重組Establishment or reorganization of company
Dear Mr/Ms,
We are pleased to announce that as of 1st June our firm
will merge with D & W Co. of this town to form the new
firm of CN/CW Co. The new firm will carry on business at 6 Rue de Toqueville, Tripoli, to which address please send all communications after31st May. We appreciate the confidence you have placed in us in the past
and look forward to continued dealings with you.
Yours faithfully
尊敬的先生/小姐，
我們高興的宣布，由于六月一日我們公司將于該鎮(zhèn)的D&W公司合并，成立新的CN/CM公司。新公司將在Tripoli的 Rue de Toqueville六號(hào)辦公，五月三十一日后所有信息請(qǐng)寄新地址。
我們感謝您過去對(duì)我的信任并希望繼續(xù)與您來往。
您誠摯的
（四）、介紹經(jīng)營業(yè)務(wù)
我們從我駐巴基斯坦使館商務(wù)參贊處得悉貴公司的名稱和地址，現(xiàn)借此機(jī)會(huì)與你方通信，意在建立友好業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系。
我們是一家國營公司，專門經(jīng)營臺(tái)布出口業(yè)務(wù)。我們能接受顧客的來樣定貨，來樣中可具體需要產(chǎn)品的花樣圖案，規(guī)格及包裝裝潢的要求。為使你方對(duì)我各類臺(tái)布有大致的了解，我們另航寄最新的目錄供參考。如果你方對(duì)產(chǎn)品有興趣，請(qǐng)盡快通知我方。一俟收到你方具體詢盤，即寄送報(bào)價(jià)單和樣本。
盼早復(fù)。
SPECIMEN：INTRODUCING BUSINESS OPERATION
Dear Sirs,
RE: TABLECLOTH
We have your name and address from the Commercial Office of Chinese Embassy in Pakistan. We take this opportunity to write to you with a view to set up friend business relations with you.
We are a state-owned company dealing specially with the export of tablecloth. We are in a position to accept orders according to the customer's samples. In the customer's samples, request about the assorted pattern, specification and package of the needed goods can be indicated particularly.
In order to give you a general idea of various kinds of the tablecloth we are handling, we are airmailing you under separate cover our latest catalogue for your reference. Please let us know immediately if you are interested in our products. We will send you our price list and sample to you as soon as we receive your specific inquiry.
Looking forward to your early reply, we are.
Yours faithfully
（五）資信調(diào)查函電
惠請(qǐng)將有關(guān)加納阿克拉西非進(jìn)口公司的資信情況、商業(yè)經(jīng)營情況告訴我們。該公司地址是：加納阿克拉520號(hào)郵政信箱。請(qǐng)確信，我們對(duì)你們提供的所有資料都嚴(yán)加保密，你們不負(fù)有任何責(zé)任。
謝謝。
CREDIT INVESTIGATION
Dear Sirs，
You are kindly requested to provide us with the information on credit and business operation of ×××Import Company. The company address is ×××.Please be convinced that all the materials you supply to us will be kept absolutely secret, for which You will not take any responsibilities.
Best Regards.
Yours truly
三、商業(yè)英文書信中所使用的詞語
（1） 貴函
Your letter; Your favor; your esteemed letter; Your esteemed favor; Your valued letter; Your valued favor; Your note; Your communication; Your greatly esteemed letter; Your very friendly note; Your friendly advice; Yours.
（2） 本信，本函
Our (my) letter; Our (my) respects; Ours (mine); This letter; these lines; The present.
（3） 前函
The last letter; The last mail; The last post; the last communication; The last respects（自己的信）; The last favor（來信）
（4） 次函
The next letter; The next mail; The next communication; The letter following; the following.
（5） 貴函發(fā)出日期
Your letter of (the) 5th May; Your favor dated (the) 5th June; Yours of the 3rd July; Yours under date (of) the 5th July; Your letter bearing date 5th July; Your favor of even date(AE); Your letter of yesterday; Your favor of yesterday's date; Your letter dated yesterday.
（6） 貴方來電、電傳及傳真
Your telegram; Your wire; Your cablegram（從國外）; Your coded wire（密碼電報(bào)）; Your code message; Your cipher telegram; Your wireless telegram; Your TELEX; Your Fax.
（7） 貴方電話
Your telephone message; Your phone message; Your telephonic communication; Your telephone call; Your ring.
（8） 通知
(Noun)
Advice; Notice; Information; Notification; Communication; A report; News; Intelligence; Message.
(Verb)（通知，告知）
To communicate (a fact) to; To report (a fact) to...on; To apprise (a person) of; To let (a person) know; To acquaint (a person) with; To intimate (a fact) to; To send word; to send a message; To mail a notice; to write (a person) information; To give notice（預(yù)告）; To break a news to（通知壞消息）; To announce（宣布）
（9） 回信
(Noun)
An answer; A reply; A response.
(Verb)
To answer; To reply; To give a reply; To give one's answer; To make an answer; To send an answer; To write in reply; To answer one's letter.
（特此回信）
Reply to; Answering to; In answer to; In reply to; In response to.
（等候回信）
To await an answer; To wait for an answer.
（收到回信）
To get an answer; To favor one with an answer; To get a letter answered.
（10）收訖，收到
(Noun)
Receipt（收到）; A receipt（收據(jù)）; A receiver（領(lǐng)取人，取款人）; A recipient（收款人）
(Verb)
To receive; To be in receipt of; To be to (at) hand; To come to hand; To be in positions of; To be favored with; To get; To have; To have before (a person); To make out a receipt（開出收據(jù)）; To acknowledge receipt（告知收訖）.
（11）確認(rèn)
To confirm; Confirming; Confirmation; In Confirmation of（為確認(rèn)...,為證實(shí)...）; A letter of confirmation（確認(rèn)函或確認(rèn)書）
（12）高興，愉快，欣慰
To have the pleasure to do; To have the pleasure of doing; To have pleasure to do; to have pleasure in (of) doing; To take (a) pleasure in doing (something); To take pleasure in doing (something); To be pleased to (with)(by); to be delighted at (in)(with); To be glad to (of)(about); To be rejoiced in (at).
（13）隨函附件
Enclose;
（14）迅速，立刻
四.書信格式稱謂差異
商務(wù)英語書信(Business or Commercial English Correspondence)是指交易時(shí)所使用的通信。在美國，常用Business writing，它包括書信、電報(bào)、電話、電傳、報(bào)告書、明信片等。英語和美語在書信體例方面存在著一定的差異，比如信頭和稱呼、書信格式、遣詞、結(jié)尾客套語等均有所不同。
一般來說，英國書信較為保守，許多英國人喜歡用老式書信體，用詞較為正式刻板，而美國書信語言非常生氣、有活力，格式也較為簡便。因此當(dāng)我們寫信的對(duì)象是英國或其舊殖民地國家時(shí)，要使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)式英語Queen's English；如果寫信的對(duì)象是美國或美國勢(shì)力范圍的地區(qū)時(shí)，就要用美國英語。當(dāng)然，英國式的語言文化近年來也有變化，但總體來說，兩者間的差異是很明顯的。商業(yè)英文書信，一般都要求用打字機(jī)或電腦整齊地打印，左邊各行開頭垂直的，稱為垂直式或齊頭式(Block style)，美國常用這種格式；每段的第一個(gè)詞縮進(jìn)去，稱為縮進(jìn)式或鋸齒式(indented style)，英國常用此格式。垂直式的職務(wù)及簽名都在左邊的邊欄界線，這種格式，在極度尊重工作效率的美國公司，已普遍采用。正式的商業(yè)英語書信要在稱呼的上方寫上收信公司名稱和地址或收信人的名字全稱、職務(wù)及地址，稱為信內(nèi)地址（Inside address）。信內(nèi)地址的寫法也有垂直式和縮進(jìn)式之分，垂直式或稱美國式將各行并列，縮進(jìn)式或稱英國式將各行依次退縮。
不過，近來英國商業(yè)書信的信內(nèi)地址并未依次縮進(jìn)，似乎與美國式相同。此外，在美國還流行一種普通收信人地址的寫法，就是在書信的Inside Address中，把門牌號(hào)和街名都省略掉。在英文書信中要使用敬語，最普遍的敬語是Mr., Mrs.和Miss（用于未婚女性）。英國人常在男性的姓名之后用Esq. (Esquire的縮寫)，不過在商業(yè)上也在慢慢地改用Mr. Mmes. (Madam的復(fù)數(shù)形式)，用于二個(gè)女士以上。Messrs.（Mr.的復(fù)數(shù)形式）用于二個(gè)以上的男人，或用于二個(gè)以上的男人組成的公司或團(tuán)體。在英國式英文信里，Mr., Mrs., Messrs，均不加縮寫句點(diǎn)，相反地趨向于進(jìn)步自由的美語反而加縮寫句點(diǎn)如Mr., Mrs., Messrs.。在稱呼方面，商業(yè)上最普遍的有Gentlemen（美國式）與Dear Sirs（英國式）二種，相當(dāng)于我國的"敬啟者"或"謹(jǐn)啟者"。如果信是寫給某個(gè)公司單位的，不是寫給某個(gè)具體人的，美語用Gentlemen（復(fù)數(shù)形式），英語用Dear Sirs。如果對(duì)方公司只一人時(shí)，必須使用Sir/Dear Sir。稱呼后一般要使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，英國式采用逗號(hào)(comma)，美國式用分號(hào)(colon)。書信結(jié)尾客套語(complimentary close)有多種，相當(dāng)于我國書信 在結(jié)尾時(shí)使用的"敬禮"、"致敬"、"順安"等句。最為典型的美國式寫法是Sincerely和Best regards，典型的英國式表達(dá)有Yours sincerely（熟人或知道對(duì)方姓名），Best wishes, kind regards 和yours faithfully（不知姓名）。此外，英國式的客套語還有特別禮貌的格式，但除了特殊情況外，現(xiàn)在不再使用。
五、開頭語與自我介紹
從中華人民共和國駐…大使館商務(wù)參贊處獲悉貴公司名稱和地址，現(xiàn)借此機(jī)會(huì)與貴方通信，意在達(dá)成一些實(shí)際交易為開端，以建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系。
1.Having had your name and address from the Commercial Counselor's office of the Embassy of the People's Republic of China in..., we now avail ourselves of this opportunity to write to you and see if we can establish business relations by a start of some Practical transactions.
從中國國際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)會(huì)獲悉，你們有意采購電器用具。
2. We have heard from China Council for the Promotion of International Trade that you are in the market for Electric Appliances.
駐貴地的中國領(lǐng)事向我們介紹，你公司是…生產(chǎn)…（商品）的大出口商。
3. Your name has been recommended to us by the Chinese Consul stationed in your city as large exporters of ... goods produced in ....
從…獲悉你們行名及地址并了解你們是……有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的進(jìn)口商。現(xiàn)向你們開報(bào)…，盼能在貴地市場(chǎng)推銷。
4. From ..., we have obtained your name and address and understand that you are experienced importers of .... We have pleasure in offering you ... of which we would appreciate your pushing the sale on your market.
從…獲悉你公司專門經(jīng)營…，現(xiàn)愿與你公司建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系。
5. We learn from ... that your firm specializes in ..., and would like to establish business relationship with you.
承……的介紹，獲悉你們是……有代表性的進(jìn)口商之一。
6. Through the courtesy of.... we have learned that you are one of the representative importers of ...
據(jù)紐約司密斯公司所告，得悉你公司名稱和地址，并得知你們…日本東京商會(huì)已把你行介紹給我們。
7. Your name and address has been given to us by Messrs. J. Smith & Co., Inc., in New York, who have informed us that your firm has been recommended to us by the Chamber of Commerce in Tokyo, Japan.
承貴地…銀行通知，你們是…的主要進(jìn)口商（出口商），并有意與中國進(jìn)行這些方面的貿(mào)易。
9. The.... Bank in your city has been kind enough to inform us that you are one of the leading importers (exporters) of ... and are interested in trading with China in these lines ...
據(jù)了解，你們是中國…（商品）有潛力的買主，而該商品正屬我們的業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營范圍。
10. We are given to understand that you are potential buyers of Chinese ...,which comes within the frame of our business activities.
通過貴國最近來訪的貿(mào)易代表團(tuán)，我們了解到你們是信譽(yù)良好的…進(jìn)口商，現(xiàn)發(fā)信給你們，盼能不斷地接到你們的定單。
11. Through your trade delegation that recently paid a visit to this country, we learned that you are well-established importers of ... and are writing to you in the hope of receiving your orders from time to time. 我們欣然寄發(fā)這封自薦信，希望是互利關(guān)系的前奏。
12. We are glad to send you this introductory letter, hoping that it will be the prelude to mutually beneficial relations between us.
我們有幸自薦，盼望能有機(jī)會(huì)與你們合作，擴(kuò)展業(yè)務(wù)。
13. We have the Pleasure to introduce ourselves to you with the hope that we may have an opportunity of cooperating with you in your business extension.
我們冒昧通信，以期待與貴公司建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系。
14. We take the liberty of writing to you with a view to building up business relations with your firm.
現(xiàn)向貴司自我介紹，我們是國營公司，專門經(jīng)營輕工業(yè)品。
15. We wish to introduce ourselves to you as a state operated corporation dealing exclusively in Light Industrial Goods.
也許你們已有所知，我們是國營公司，經(jīng)營……（商品）的進(jìn)出口業(yè)務(wù)。
16. As you may be well aware, we are a state-operated corporation handling such items as .. in both import and export business.
鑒于你們是…的主要進(jìn)口商之一，特此聯(lián)系，盼能建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系，以有助于你們滿足各項(xiàng)需求。
17. As you are one of the leading importers in ..., we have pleasure in contacting you in the hope of establishing business relations and rendering you assistance in a wide range of your requirements.
了解到你們對(duì)…（商品）的進(jìn)口和出口都感興趣，故愿自薦，希望在我們兩公司間建立互利的業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系。
18. We understand that you are interested in both the import and export of ... and it is on this subject that we wish to introduce ourselves in the hope of establishing mutually beneficial business relations between our two corporations. 你公司是信譽(yù)卓著的照相機(jī)進(jìn)口商，我公司極愿與你公司建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系。為此，我們現(xiàn)在寄去商品目錄和價(jià)目單，用以向你公司毛遂自薦。
19. The high reputation, which you are enjoying as camera importers, has rendered us desirous of entering into business relations with you. Accordingly, we introduce ourselves to you by sending you our catalogs and price-lists.
我們經(jīng)營的商品包括本國第一流造紙廠的產(chǎn)品，因此，我們有良好條件就你們提出的商品，向你們的顧客提供質(zhì)量最可靠的商品。
20. The commodities we are handling consist of the manufactures of the first-rate paper mills of this country, and so we are in a good position to serve your customers with the most reliable quality of the line you suggest.
我們專門經(jīng)營中國美術(shù)工藝品出口，愿與你們進(jìn)行交易。
21. Specializing in the export of Chinese Art & Craft Goods we express our desire to trade with you in this line.
我們的主要業(yè)務(wù)是紡織品和手工藝品。
22. Our lines are mainly textiles and handicrafts.
我們經(jīng)營這項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)已有多年。
23. We have been in this line of business for many years.
本信目的是探索與你們發(fā)展貿(mào)易的可能性。
24. The purpose of this letter is to explore the possibilities of developing trade with you.
我們?cè)冈谄降然ダ⒒ネㄓ袩o的基礎(chǔ)上與你公司建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系。
25. We are willing to enter into business relations with your firm on the basis of equality, mutual benefit and exchanging what one has for what one needs.
我們?cè)概c你們建立友好業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系，分享互利的交易。
26. We wish to establish friendly business relations with you to enjoy a share of mutually profitable business.
盼直接洽談，以便將你公司特種經(jīng)營商品引進(jìn)我地市場(chǎng)。
27. We wish to enter into direct negotiation with you with a view to introducing your special lines in our market.
我們有意向中華人民共和國尋求原油供應(yīng)來源的可能性.
28. We are interested in the possibility of establishing sources of supply of crude oil from the People's Republic of China.
建議試試?yán)靡幌挛覀兊慕?jīng)驗(yàn)和專門知識(shí)。
29. We advise you to make use of our experience and special knowledge on trial.
相信我公司的對(duì)外貿(mào)易經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及對(duì)國際市場(chǎng)情況的熟悉，可能使我們有資格得到你們的信任。
3O. We trust that our experience in foreign trade and intimate knowledge of international market conditions will entitle us to your confidence.
我公司與此地可靠的批發(fā)商有密切聯(lián)系，能與你公司作可觀的進(jìn)口業(yè)務(wù)。
31. Being closely connected with reliable wholesalers here, we shall be able to do considerable import business with you.
我們能報(bào)十分優(yōu)惠的條款。32. We are able to quote you very advantageous terms.
六、外貿(mào)英文常見縮略詞
CFR(cost and freight) 成本加運(yùn)費(fèi)價(jià)
T/T(telegraphic transfer) 電匯
D/P(document against payment) 付款交單
D/A (document against acceptance) 承兌交單
C.O (certificate of origin) 一般原產(chǎn)地證
G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences) 普惠制
CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons) 紙箱
PCE/PCS(piece/pieces) 只、個(gè)、支等
DL/DLS(dollar/dollars) 美元
DOZ/DZ(dozen) 一打
PKG(package) 一包，一捆，一扎，一件等
WT(weight) 重量
G.W.(gross weight) 毛重
N.W.(net weight) 凈重
C/D (customs declaration) 報(bào)關(guān)單
EA(each) 每個(gè)，各
W (with) 具有
w/o(without) 沒有
FAC(facsimile) 傳真
IMP(import) 進(jìn)口
EXP（export） 出口
MAX (maximum) 最大的、最大限度的
MIN (minimum) 最小的，最低限度
M 或MED (medium) 中等，中級(jí)的
M/V（merchant vessel） 商船
S.S(steamship) 船運(yùn)
MT或M/T(metric ton) 公噸
DOC (document) 文件、單據(jù)
INT（international） 國際的
P/L (packing list) 裝箱單、明細(xì)表
INV (invoice) 發(fā)票
PCT (percent) 百分比
REF （reference） 參考、查價(jià)
EMS （express mail special） 特快傳遞
STL.(style) 式樣、款式、類型
T或LTX或TX(telex) 電傳
RMB（ren min bi） 人民幣
S/M （shipping marks） 裝船標(biāo)記
PR或PRC(price) 價(jià)格
PUR (purchase) 購買、購貨
S/C（sales contract） 銷售確認(rèn)書
L/C （letter of credit） 信用證
B/L （bill of lading） 提單
FOB （free on board） 離岸價(jià)
CIF （cost, insurance &freight） 成本、保險(xiǎn)加運(yùn)費(fèi)價(jià)
a accepted 承兌
AA Auditing Administration （中國）審計(jì)署
AAA 最佳等級(jí)
abs. abstract 摘要
a/c, A/C account 帳戶、帳目
a/c, A/C account current 往來帳戶、活期存款帳戶
A&C addenda and corrigenda 補(bǔ)遺和勘誤
Acc. acceptance or accepted 承兌
Accrd. Int accrued interest 應(yīng)計(jì)利息
Acct. account 帳戶、帳目
Acct. accountant 會(huì)計(jì)師、會(huì)計(jì)員
Acct. accounting 會(huì)計(jì)、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)
Acct. No. account number 帳戶編號(hào)、帳號(hào)
Acct. Tit. account title 帳戶名稱、會(huì)計(jì)科目
ACN air consignment 航空托運(yùn)單
a/c no. account number 帳戶編號(hào)、帳號(hào)
Acpt. acceptance or accepted 承兌
A/CS Pay. accounts payable 應(yīng)付帳款
A/CS Rec. accounts receivable 應(yīng)收帳款
ACT advance corporation tax 預(yù)扣公司稅
ACU Asia Currency Unit 亞洲貨幣單位
A.C.V actual cash value 實(shí)際現(xiàn)金價(jià)值
a.d., a/d after date 開票后、出票后
ADRS asset depreciation range system 固定資產(chǎn)分組折舊法
Adv. advance 預(yù)付款
ad. val., A/V ad valorem to (according value) 從價(jià)
Agt. agent 代理人
Agt. agreement 協(xié)議、契約
AJE adjusting journal entries 調(diào)整分錄
Amt. amount 金額、總數(shù)
Ann. annuity 年金
A/P account paid 已付賬款
A/P account payable 應(yīng)付帳款
A/P accounting period 會(huì)計(jì)期間
A/P advise and pay 付款通知
A/R account receivable 應(yīng)收帳款
A/R at the rate of 以……比例
a/r all risks （保險(xiǎn)）全險(xiǎn)
Arr. arrivals, arrived 到貨、到船
A/S, a/s after sight 見票即付
A/S，acc/s account sales 承銷帳、承銷清單，售貨清單
ASAP as soon as possible 盡快
ASR acceptance summary report 驗(yàn)收總結(jié)報(bào)告
ass. assessment 估征、征稅
assimt. assignment 轉(zhuǎn)讓、讓與
ATC average total cost 平均總成本
ATM at the money 僅付成本錢
ATM Automatic Teller Machine 自動(dòng)取款機(jī)（柜員機(jī)）
ATS automated trade system 自動(dòng)交易系統(tǒng)
ATS automatic transfer service 自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)移服務(wù)
Attn. attention 注意
Atty. attorney 代理人
auct. auction 拍賣
Aud auditor 審計(jì)員、審計(jì)師
Av. average 平均值
a. w. all wool 純羊毛
A/W air waybill 空運(yùn)提單
A/W actual weight 實(shí)際重量
七、信用證常見條款及短語
（一）Kinds of L/C 信用證類型
1.revocable L/C/irrevocable L/C 可撤銷信用證/不可撤銷信用證
2.confirmed L/C/unconfirmed L/C 保兌信用證/不保兌信用證
3.sight L/C/ usance L/C 即期信用證/遠(yuǎn)期信用證
4.transferable L/C(or)assignable L/C(or)transmissible L/C /untransferable L/C
可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證/不可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證
5.divisible L/C/ undivisible L/C 可分割信用證/不可分割信用證
6.revolving L/C 循環(huán)信用證
7.L/C with T/T reimbursement clause 帶電匯條款信用證
8.without recourse L/C/with recourse L/C 無追索權(quán)信用證/有追索權(quán)信用證
9.documentary L/C/clean L/C 跟單信用證/光票信用證
10.deferred payment L/C/anticipatory L/C 延期付款信用證/預(yù)支信用證
11.back to back L/reciprocal L/C 對(duì)背信用證/對(duì)開信用證
12.traveller's L/C(or: circular L/C) 旅行信用證
（二）、L/C Parties Concerned 有關(guān)當(dāng)事人
1.opener 開證人
(1)applicant 開證人（申請(qǐng)開證人）
(2)principal 開證人（委托開證人）
(3)accountee 開證人
(4)accreditor 開證人（委托開證人）
(5)opener 開證人
(6)for account of Messrs 付（某人）帳
(7)at the request of Messrs 應(yīng)（某人）請(qǐng)求
(8)on behalf of Messrs 代表某人
(9)by order of Messrs 奉（某人）之命
(10)by order of and for account of Messrs 奉（某人）之命并付其帳戶
(11)at the request of and for account of Messrs 應(yīng)（某人）得要求并付其帳戶
(12)in accordance with instruction received from accreditors 根據(jù)已收到得委托開證人得指示
2.beneficiary 受益人
(1)beneficiary 受益人
(2)in favor of 以（某人）為受益人
(3)in one's favor 以……為受益人
(4)favoring yourselves 以你本人為受益人
3.drawee 付款人（或稱受票人，指匯票）
(1)to drawn on (or :upon) 以（某人）為付款人
(2)to value on 以（某人）為付款人
(3)to issued on 以（某人）為付款人
4.drawer 出票人
5.advising bank 通知行
(1)advising bank 通知行
(2)the notifying bank 通知行
(3)advised through…bank 通過……銀行通知
(4)advised by airmail/cable through…bank 通過……銀行航空信/電通知
6.opening bank 開證行
(1)opening bank 開證行
(2)issuing bank 開證行
(3)establishing bank 開證行
7.negotiation bank 議付行
(1)negotiating bank 議付行
(2)negotiation bank 議付行
8.paying bank 付款行
9.reimbursing bank 償付行
10.the confirming bank 保兌行
（三）、Amount of the L/C 信用證金額
1.amount RMB￥… 金額：人民幣
2.up to an aggregate amount of Hong Kong Dollars… 累計(jì)金額最高為港幣……
3.for a sum (or :sums) not exceeding a total of GBP… 總金額不得超過英鎊……
4.to the extent of HKD… 總金額為港幣……
5.for the amount of USD… 金額為美元……
6.for an amount not exceeding total of JPY… 金額的總數(shù)不得超過……日元的限度
四、The Stipulations for the shipping documents 跟單條款
1.available against surrender of the following documents bearing our credit number and the full name and address of the opener 憑交出下列注名本證號(hào)碼和開證人的全稱及地址的單據(jù)付款
2.drafts to be accompanied by the documents marked(×)below 匯票須隨附下列注有（×）的單據(jù)
3.accompanied against to documents hereinafter 隨附下列單據(jù)
4.accompanied by following documents 隨附下列單據(jù)
5.documents required 單據(jù)要求
6.accompanied by the following documents marked(×)in duplicate 隨附下列注有（×）的單據(jù)一式兩份
7.drafts are to be accompanied by… 匯票要隨附（指單據(jù)）……
（五）、Draft(Bill of Exchange) 匯票
1.the kinds of drafts 匯票種類
(1)available by drafts at sight 憑即期匯票付款
(2)draft(s) to be drawn at 30 days sight 開立30天的期票
(3)sight drafts 即期匯票
(4)time drafts 原期匯票
2.drawn clauses 出票條款（注：即出具匯票的法律依據(jù)）
(1)all drafts drawn under this credit must contain the clause “Drafts drawn Under Bank of…credit No.…dated…” 本證項(xiàng)下開具的匯票須注明“本匯票系憑……銀行……年……月……日第…號(hào)信用證下開具”的條款
(2)drafts are to be drawn in duplicate to our order bearing the clause “Drawn under United Malayan Banking Corp. Bhd .Irrevocable Letter of Credit No.…dated July 12, 1978” 匯票一式兩份，以我行為抬頭，并注明“根據(jù)馬來西亞聯(lián)合銀行1978年7月12日第……號(hào)不可撤銷信用證項(xiàng)下開立”
(3)draft(s) drawn under this credit to be marked：“Drawn under…Bank L/C No.……Dated (issuing date of credit)” 根據(jù)本證開出得匯票須注明“憑……銀行……年……月……日（按開證日期）第……號(hào)不可撤銷信用證項(xiàng)下開立”
(4)drafts in duplicate at sight bearing the clauses “Drawn under…L/C No.…dated…” 即期匯票一式兩份，注明“根據(jù)……銀行信用證……號(hào)，日期……開具”
(5)draft(s) so drawn must be in scribed with the number and date of this L/C 開具的匯票須注上本證的號(hào)碼和日期
(6)draft(s) bearing the clause：“Drawn under documentary credit No.…(shown above) of…Bank” 匯票注明“根據(jù)……銀行跟單信用證……號(hào)（如上所示）項(xiàng)下開立”
（六）、Invoice 發(fā)票
1.signed commercial invoice 已簽署的商業(yè)發(fā)票
in duplicate 一式兩份
in triplicate 一式三份
in quadruplicate 一式四份
in quintuplicate 一式五份
in sextuplicate 一式六份
in septuplicate 一式七份
in octuplicate 一式八份
in nonuplicate 一式九份
in decuplicate 一式十份
2.beneficiary's original signed commercial invoices at least in 8 copies issued in the name of the buyer indicating (showing/evidencing/specifying/declaration of) the merchandise, country of origin and any other relevant information. 以買方的名義開具、注明商品名稱、原產(chǎn)國及其他有關(guān)資料，并經(jīng)簽署的受益人的商業(yè)發(fā)票正本至少一式八份
3.Signed attested invoice combined with certificate of origin and value in 6 copies as required for imports into Nigeria. 以簽署的，連同產(chǎn)地證明和貨物價(jià)值的，輸入尼日利亞的聯(lián)合發(fā)票一式六份
4.beneficiary must certify on the invoice…have been sent to the accountee 受益人須在發(fā)票上證明，已將……寄交開證人
5.4% discount should be deducted from total amount of the commercial invoice 商業(yè)發(fā)票的總金額須扣除4%折扣
6.invoice must be showed: under A/P No.… date of expiry 19th Jan. 1981 發(fā)票須表明：根據(jù)第……號(hào)購買證，滿期日為1981年1月19日
7.documents in combined form are not acceptable 不接受聯(lián)合單據(jù)
8.combined invoice is not acceptable 不接受聯(lián)合發(fā)票
七、Bill of Loading 提單
1.full set shipping (company's) clean on board bill(s) of lading marked "Freight Prepaid" to order of shipper endorsed to … Bank, notifying buyers 全套裝船（公司的）潔凈已裝船提單應(yīng)注明“運(yùn)費(fèi)付訖”，作為以裝船人指示為抬頭、背書給……銀行，通知買方
2.bills of lading made out in negotiable form 作成可議付形式的提單
3.clean shipped on board ocean bills of lading to order and endorsed in blank marked "Freight Prepaid" notify: importer(openers, accountee) 潔凈已裝船的提單空白抬頭并空白背書，注明“運(yùn)費(fèi)付訖”，通知進(jìn)口人（開證人）
4.full set of clean "on board" bills of lading/cargo receipt made out to our order/to order and endorsed in blank notify buyers M/S … Co. calling for shipment from China to Hamburg marked "Freight prepaid" / "Freight Payable at Destination" 全套潔凈“已裝船”提單/貨運(yùn)收據(jù)作成以我（行）為抬頭/空白抬頭，空白背書，通知買方……公司，要求貨物字中國運(yùn)往漢堡，注明“運(yùn)費(fèi)付訖”/“運(yùn)費(fèi)在目的港付”
5.bills of lading issued in the name of… 提單以……為抬頭
6.bills of lading must be dated not before the date of this credit and not later than Aug. 15, 1977 提單日期不得早于本證的日期，也不得遲于1977年8月15日
7.bill of lading marked notify: buyer, “Freight Prepaid” “Liner terms” “received for shipment” B/L not acceptable 提單注明通知買方，“運(yùn)費(fèi)預(yù)付”按“班輪條件”，“備運(yùn)提單”不接受
8.non-negotiable copy of bills of lading 不可議付的提單副本
（八）、Insurance Policy (or Certificate) 保險(xiǎn)單 （或憑證）
1.Risks & Coverage 險(xiǎn)別
(1)free from particular average (F.P.A.) 平安險(xiǎn)
(2)with particular average (W.A.) 水漬險(xiǎn)（基本險(xiǎn)）
(3)all risk 一切險(xiǎn)（綜合險(xiǎn)）
(4)total loss only (T.L.O.) 全損險(xiǎn)
(5)war risk 戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)
(6)cargo(extended cover)clauses 貨物（擴(kuò)展）條款
(7)additional risk 附加險(xiǎn)
(8)from warehouse to warehouse clauses 倉至倉條款
(9)theft, pilferage and nondelivery (T.P.N.D.) 盜竊提貨不著險(xiǎn)
(10)rain fresh water damage 淡水雨淋險(xiǎn)
(11)risk of shortage 短量險(xiǎn)
(12)risk of contamination 沾污險(xiǎn)
(13)risk of leakage 滲漏險(xiǎn)
(14)risk of clashing & breakage 碰損破碎險(xiǎn)
(15)risk of odor 串味險(xiǎn)
(16)damage caused by sweating and/or heating 受潮受熱險(xiǎn)
(17)hook damage 鉤損險(xiǎn)
(18)loss and/or damage caused by breakage of packing 包裝破裂險(xiǎn)
(19)risk of rusting 銹損險(xiǎn)
(20)risk of mould 發(fā)霉險(xiǎn)
(21)strike, riots and civil commotion (S.R.C.C.) 罷工、暴動(dòng)、民變險(xiǎn)
(22)risk of spontaneous combustion 自燃險(xiǎn)
(23)deterioration risk 腐爛變質(zhì)險(xiǎn)
(24)inherent vice risk 內(nèi)在缺陷險(xiǎn)
(25)risk of natural loss or normal loss 途耗或自然損耗險(xiǎn)
(26)special additional risk 特別附加險(xiǎn)
(27)failure to delivery 交貨不到險(xiǎn)
(28)import duty 進(jìn)口關(guān)稅險(xiǎn)
(29)on deck 倉面險(xiǎn)
(30)rejection 拒收險(xiǎn)
(31)aflatoxin 黃曲霉素險(xiǎn)
(32)fire risk extension clause-for storage of cargo at destination Hong Kong, including Kowloon, or Macao 出口貨物到香港（包括九龍?jiān)趦?nèi)）或澳門存?zhèn)}火險(xiǎn)責(zé)任擴(kuò)展條款
(33)survey in customs risk 海關(guān)檢驗(yàn)險(xiǎn)
(34)survey at jetty risk 碼頭檢驗(yàn)險(xiǎn)
(35)institute war risk 學(xué)會(huì)戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)
(36)overland transportation risks 陸運(yùn)險(xiǎn)
(37)overland transportation all risks 陸運(yùn)綜合險(xiǎn)
(38)air transportation risk 航空運(yùn)輸險(xiǎn)
(39)air transportation all risk 航空運(yùn)輸綜合險(xiǎn)
(40)air transportation war risk 航空運(yùn)輸戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)
(41)parcel post risk 郵包險(xiǎn)
(42)parcel post all risk 郵包綜合險(xiǎn)
(43)parcel post war risk 郵包戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)
(44)investment insurance(political risks) 投資保險(xiǎn)（政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）
(45)property insurance 財(cái)產(chǎn)保險(xiǎn)
(46)erection all risks 安裝工程一切險(xiǎn)
(47)contractors all risks 建筑工程一切險(xiǎn)
2.the stipulations for insurance 保險(xiǎn)條款
(1)marine insurance policy 海運(yùn)保險(xiǎn)單
(2)specific policy 單獨(dú)保險(xiǎn)單
(3)voyage policy 航程保險(xiǎn)單
(4)time policy 期限保險(xiǎn)單
(5)floating policy (or open policy) 流動(dòng)保險(xiǎn)單
(6)ocean marine cargo clauses 海洋運(yùn)輸貨物保險(xiǎn)條款
(7)ocean marine insurance clauses (frozen products) 海洋運(yùn)輸冷藏貨物保險(xiǎn)條款
(8)ocean marine cargo war clauses 海洋運(yùn)輸貨物戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)條款
(9)ocean marine insurance clauses (wood oil in bulk) 海洋運(yùn)輸散裝桐油保險(xiǎn)條款
(10)overland transportation insurance clauses (train, trucks) 陸上運(yùn)輸貨物保險(xiǎn)條款（火車、汽車）
(11)overland transportation insurance clauses (frozen products) 陸上運(yùn)輸冷藏貨物保險(xiǎn)條款
(12)air transportation cargo insurance clauses 航空運(yùn)輸貨物保險(xiǎn)條款
(13)air transportation cargo war risk clauses 航空運(yùn)輸貨物戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)條款
(14)parcel post insurance clauses 郵包保險(xiǎn)條款
(15)parcel post war risk insurance clauses 郵包戰(zhàn)爭保險(xiǎn)條款
16)livestock & poultry insurance clauses (by sea, land or air)
活牲畜、家禽的海上、陸上、航空保險(xiǎn)條款
(17)…risks clauses of the P.I.C.C. subject to C.I.C.
根據(jù)中國人民保險(xiǎn)公司的保險(xiǎn)條款投保……險(xiǎn)
(18)marine insurance policies or certificates in negotiable form, for 110% full CIF invoice covering the risks of War & W.A. as per the People's Insurance Co. of China dated 1/1/1976. with extended cover up to Kuala Lumpur with claims payable in (at) Kuala Lumpur in the currency of draft (irrespective of percentage) 作為可議付格式的海運(yùn)保險(xiǎn)單或憑證按照到岸價(jià)的發(fā)票金額110%投保中國人民保險(xiǎn)公司1976年1月1日的戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)和基本險(xiǎn)，負(fù)責(zé)到吉隆坡為止。按照匯票所使用的貨幣在吉隆坡賠付（無免賠率）
(19)insurance policy or certificate settling agent's name is to be indicated, any additional premium to cover uplift between 10 and 17% may be drawn in excess of the credit value 保險(xiǎn)單或憑證須表明理賠代理人的名稱，保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)如增加10-17%可在本證金額以外支付
(20)insurance policy (certificate) … Name of Assured to be showed: A.B.C.Co. Ltd. 保險(xiǎn)單或憑證作成以A.B.C.有限公司為被保險(xiǎn)人
(21)insurance policy or certificate covering W.A. (or F.P.A.) and war risks as per ocean marine cargo clause and ocean marine cargo war risk clauses of the People's Insurance Company of China dated 1/1/1981 保險(xiǎn)單或憑證根據(jù)中國人民保險(xiǎn)公司1981年1月1日的海洋運(yùn)輸貨物保險(xiǎn)條款和海洋運(yùn)輸貨物戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)條款投保水漬險(xiǎn)（或平安險(xiǎn)）和戰(zhàn)爭
(22)insurance policy/certificate covering all war mines risks 保險(xiǎn)單/憑證投保一切險(xiǎn)、戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)、地雷險(xiǎn)（注：mines解釋為地雷，屬于戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)的負(fù)責(zé)范圍，可以接受）
(23)W.A. this insurance must be valid for period of 60 days after the discharge of goods 水漬險(xiǎn)在貨物卸船后60天有效
(24)in triplicate covering all risks and war risks including W.A. and breakage in excess of five per cent on the whole consignment and including W/W up to buyer's godown in Penang
投保一切險(xiǎn)和戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)包括水漬險(xiǎn)，破碎損失有5%絕對(duì)免賠率，按全部貨物計(jì)算，包括倉至倉條款，負(fù)責(zé)到買方在檳城的倉庫為止（的保險(xiǎn)單）一式三份
(25)insurance policy issued of endorsed to order … for the face value of invoice plus 10% covering including war with 15 days after arrival of goods at destination, only against FPA and T.P.N.D.
按發(fā)票面值加10%投保戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)，貨物到達(dá)目的地后15天有效，僅負(fù)責(zé)平安險(xiǎn)和盜竊提貨不著險(xiǎn)的保險(xiǎn)單開給或背書給……
(26)insurance policy or certificate issued by an insurance Co. with W.P.A. clause covering the merchandise for about 10% above the full invoice value including unlimited transhipment with claims payable at Singapore
由保險(xiǎn)公司簽發(fā)的保險(xiǎn)單或憑證按發(fā)票總金額另加10%投保水漬險(xiǎn)，包括非限定轉(zhuǎn)船的損失，在新加坡賠付
(27)covering all eventual risks 投保一切以外風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
(28)covering all marine risks 投保一切海運(yùn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
(29)marine insurance policy including "both ot blame" collision clauses and fully covering the shipment 海運(yùn)保險(xiǎn)單包括負(fù)責(zé)船舶互撞條款和全部貨載
(30)insurance … including deviation clauses 保險(xiǎn)包括繞道條款
(31)covering overland transportation all risks as per overland transportation cargo insurance clauses (train, trucks) of the People's Insurance Company of China dated…
按照中國人民保險(xiǎn)公司×年×月×日陸上運(yùn)輸貨物保險(xiǎn)條款（火車、汽車）投保陸上運(yùn)輸一切險(xiǎn)
(32)covering air transportation all risk as per air transportation cargo insurance clauses of P.I.C.C.
按照中國人民保險(xiǎn)公司×年×月×日航空運(yùn)輸貨物保險(xiǎn)條款投保航空運(yùn)輸一切險(xiǎn)
(33)insurance policy or certificate covering parcel post all risks including war risks as per parcel post insurance clauses and parcel post war risk insurance clauses of the People's Insurance Company of China dated…
保險(xiǎn)單或憑證按照中國人民保險(xiǎn)公司×年×月×日郵包保險(xiǎn)條款和郵包戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)條款投保郵包一切險(xiǎn)和郵包戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)
(34)covering all risks including war risks as per ocean marine cargo clauses and air transportation cargo insurance clauses and ocean marine cargo war risk clauses and air transportation cargo war risk clauses of the People's Insurance Company of China dated…
按照中國人民保險(xiǎn)公司×年×月×日海洋運(yùn)輸貨物保險(xiǎn)條款和航空運(yùn)輸貨物保險(xiǎn)條款以及海洋運(yùn)輸貨物戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)條款和航空運(yùn)輸貨物戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)條款投保海空聯(lián)運(yùn)一切險(xiǎn)和戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)
(35)covering all risks as per ocean marine cargo clauses and overland transportation cargo insurance clause (train, truck) of P.I.C.C. dated…
按照中國人民保險(xiǎn)公司×年×月×日海洋運(yùn)輸貨物保險(xiǎn)條款和陸上運(yùn)輸貨物保險(xiǎn)條款（火車、汽車）投保海陸聯(lián)運(yùn)一切險(xiǎn)
(36)covering all risks including war risks as per overland transportation cargo insurance clauses (train, truck) and air transportation cargo insurance clauses and air transportation cargo war risk clause and war clauses (for cargo transportation by rail) of the People's Insurance Company of China dated…
按照中國人民保險(xiǎn)公司×年×月×日陸運(yùn)貨物保險(xiǎn)條款（火車、汽車）和空運(yùn)貨物保險(xiǎn)條款以及空運(yùn)貨物戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)條款和鐵路貨運(yùn)戰(zhàn)爭條款投保陸空陸聯(lián)運(yùn)一切險(xiǎn)和戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)
(37)including shortage in weight in excess of 0.5%(with 0.5% franchise) on the whole consignment
包括短量損失有0.5%絕對(duì)免賠率（0.5%相對(duì)免賠率），按全部貨物計(jì)算
(38)including risk of breakage and clashing 包括破裂或凹癟險(xiǎn)
(39)including risk of chipping & denting 包括碎裂或凹彎險(xiǎn)
(40)including risk of bad odor 包括惡味險(xiǎn)
(41)including damage by hooks, oils, mud and contact with other cargo(insured value)
包括鉤損、油污、泥污以及和他物接觸所致的損失（以保險(xiǎn)價(jià)值為限）
（42）including damage caused by rain fresh and/or water, internal combustion(total or partial loss)
包括淡水雨淋，自燃所致的損失（包括全部或部分損失）
(43)including loss and/or damage caused by sea water, fresh-water, acid, grease
包括海水、淡水、酸蝕、油脂所致的損失
(44)including T.P.N.D. loss and/or damage caused by heat, ship's sweat and odor, hoop-rust, breakage of packing
包括偷竊提貨不著，受熱船艙發(fā)汗，串味，鐵箍銹損，包裝破裂所致的損失
(45)including damage caused by infestation mould 包括蟲蛀霉?fàn)€的損失
(46)including damage due to rough handling during transit subject to C.T.C.
按照中國保險(xiǎn)條款包括運(yùn)輸途中操作不當(dāng)所致的損失
(47)including loss and/or damage from any external cause as per CIC
按照中國保險(xiǎn)條款包括外來原因所致的損失
(48)including damage by slings, stains, grease, acids
包括吊具、斑污、油脂、酸蝕造成的損失
(49)excluding risk of breakage 不包括破碎險(xiǎn)
(50)including the breakage does not cover the goods remarked in th invoice as originally damage
包括破碎險(xiǎn)，但不負(fù)責(zé)發(fā)票所示之貨物的原殘損失
(51)excluding natural loss in weight 不包括途耗短量的損失
(52)including 60 days after discharge of the goods at port of destination (or at station of destination) subject to C.T.C.
按照中國保險(xiǎn)條款貨物在目的港卸船（或在目的地車站卸車）后60天為止
(53)including W.A. & risk of fire for 60 days in customs warehouse after discharge of the goods at port of destination subject to CIC
按照中國保險(xiǎn)條款投保水漬險(xiǎn)和火險(xiǎn)，在目的港卸貨后存入海關(guān)倉庫60天為止
(54)this insurance must be valid for a period of 60 days after arrival of merchandise at inland destination 本保險(xiǎn)擴(kuò)展到貨物到達(dá)內(nèi)地的目的地后60天有效
(55)insurance policy or certificate covering F.P.A. including the risk of war and risks of S.R.C.C. as per I.C.C. dated…and institute war clauses dated…and institute S.R.C.C. clauses dated…
按照×年×月×日倫敦保險(xiǎn)學(xué)會(huì)條款和×年×月×日學(xué)會(huì)戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)條款以及×年×月×日學(xué)會(huì)罷工、暴動(dòng)、民變險(xiǎn)條款投保平安險(xiǎn)、戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)和罷工、暴動(dòng)、民變險(xiǎn)
(56)the People's Insurance Company of China investment insurance (political risks) clauses
中國人民保險(xiǎn)公司投資保險(xiǎn)（政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）條款
(57)property insurance clauses 財(cái)產(chǎn)保險(xiǎn)條款
(58)the People's Insurance Company of China Erection all risks clauses
中國人民保險(xiǎn)公司安裝工程一切險(xiǎn)條款
(59)the People's Insurance Company of China contractors all risks clauses
中國人民保險(xiǎn)公司建筑工程一切險(xiǎn)條款
（九）、Certificate of Origin 產(chǎn)地證
1.certificate of origin of China showing 中國產(chǎn)地證明書
stating 證明
evidencing 列明
specifying 說
indicating 表明
declaration of 聲明
2.certificate of Chinese origin 中國產(chǎn)地證明書
3.Certificate of origin shipment of goods of … origin prohibited 產(chǎn)地證，不允許裝運(yùn)…的產(chǎn)品
4.declaration of origin 產(chǎn)地證明書（產(chǎn)地生明）
5.certificate of origin separated 單獨(dú)出具的產(chǎn)地證
6.certificate of origin "form A" “格式A”產(chǎn)地證明書
.generalized system of preference certificate of origin form "A" 普惠制格式“A”產(chǎn)地證明書
（十）、Packing List and Weight List 裝箱單與重量單
1.packing list detailing the complete inner packing specification and contents of each package 載明每件貨物之內(nèi)部包裝的規(guī)格和內(nèi)容的裝箱單
2.packing list detailing… 詳注……的裝箱單
3.packing list showing in detail… 注明……細(xì)節(jié)的裝箱單
4.weight list 重量單
5.weight notes 磅碼單（重量單）
6.detailed weight list 明細(xì)重量單
7.weight and measurement list 重量和尺碼單
（十一）、Inspection Certificate 檢驗(yàn)證書
1.certificate of weight 重量證明書
2.certificate of inspection certifying quality & quantity in triplicate issued by C.I.B.C. 由中國商品檢驗(yàn)局出具的品質(zhì)和數(shù)量檢驗(yàn)證明書一式三份
3.phytosanitary certificate 植物檢疫證明書
4.plant quarantine certificate 植物檢疫證明書
5.fumigation certificate 熏蒸證明書
6.certificate stating that the goods are free from live weevil 無活蟲證明書（熏蒸除蟲證明書）
7.sanitary certificate 衛(wèi)生證書
8.health certificate 衛(wèi)生（健康）證書
9.analysis certificate 分析（化驗(yàn)）證書
10.tank inspection certificate 油倉檢驗(yàn)證明書
11.record of ullage and oil temperature 空距及油溫記錄單
12.certificate of aflatoxin negative 黃曲霉素檢驗(yàn)證書
13.non-aflatoxin certificate 無黃曲霉素證明書
14.survey report on weight issued by C.I.B.C. 中國商品檢驗(yàn)局簽發(fā)之重量檢驗(yàn)證明書
15.inspection certificate 檢驗(yàn)證書
16.inspection and testing certificate issued by C.I.B.C. 中國商品檢驗(yàn)局簽發(fā)之檢驗(yàn)證明書
（十二）、Other documents 其他單據(jù)
1.full set of forwarding agents' cargo receipt 全套運(yùn)輸行所出具之貨物承運(yùn)收據(jù)
2.air way bill for goods condigned to…quoting our credit number 以……為收貨人，注明本證號(hào)碼的空運(yùn)貨單
3.parcel post receipt 郵包收據(jù)
4.Parcel post receipt showing parcels addressed to…a/c accountee 郵包收據(jù)注明收件人：通過……轉(zhuǎn)交開證人
5.parcel post receipt evidencing goods condigned to…and quoting our credit number 以……為收貨人并注明本證號(hào)碼的郵包收據(jù)
6.certificate customs invoice on form 59A combined certificate of value and origin for developing countries 適用于發(fā)展中國家的包括價(jià)值和產(chǎn)地證明書的格式59A海關(guān)發(fā)票證明書
7.pure foods certificate 純食品證書
8.combined certificate of value and Chinese origin 價(jià)值和中國產(chǎn)地聯(lián)合證明書
9 a declaration in terms of FORM 5 of New Zealand forest produce import and export and regulations 1966 or a declaration FORM the exporter to the effect that no timber has been used in the packing of the goods, either declaration may be included on certified customs invoice 依照1966年新西蘭林木產(chǎn)品進(jìn)出口法格式5條款的聲明或出口人關(guān)于貨物非用木器包裝的實(shí)績聲明，該聲明也可以在海關(guān)發(fā)票中作出證明
10.Canadian customs invoice(revised form)all signed in ink showing fair market value in currency of country of export 用出口國貨幣標(biāo)明本國市場(chǎng)售價(jià)，并進(jìn)行筆簽的加拿大海關(guān)發(fā)票（修訂格式）
11.Canadian import declaration form 111 fully signed and completed 完整簽署和填寫的格式111加拿大進(jìn)口聲明書
（十三）、The Stipulation for Shipping Terms 裝運(yùn)條款
1.loading port and destination裝運(yùn)港與目的港
(1)despatch/shipment from Chinese port to… 從中國港口發(fā)送/裝運(yùn)往……
(2)evidencing shipment from China to…CFR by steamer in transit Saudi Arabia not later than 15th July, 1987 of the goods specified below
列明下面的貨物按成本加運(yùn)費(fèi)價(jià)格用輪船不得遲于1987年7月15日從中國通過沙特阿拉伯裝運(yùn)到……
2.date of shipment 裝船期
bills of lading must be dated not later than August 15, 1987
提單日期不得遲于1987年8月15日
(2)shipment must be effected not later than(or on)July 30,1987 貨物不得遲于（或于）1987年7月30日裝運(yùn)
(3)shipment latest date… 最遲裝運(yùn)日期：……
(4)evidencing shipment/despatch on or before… 列明貨物在…年…月…日或在該日以前裝運(yùn)/發(fā)送
(5)from China port to … not later than 31st August, 1987 不遲于1987年8月31日從中國港口至……
3.partial shipments and transhipment 分運(yùn)與轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)
(1)partial shipments are (not) permitted （不）允許分運(yùn)
(2)partial shipments (are) allowed (prohibited) 準(zhǔn)許（不準(zhǔn)）分運(yùn)
(3)without transhipment 不允許轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)
(4)transhipment at Hong Kong allowed 允許在香港轉(zhuǎn)船
(5)partial shipments are permissible, transhipment is allowed except at… 允許分運(yùn)，除在……外允許轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)
(6)partial/prorate shipments are permitted 允許分運(yùn)/按比例裝運(yùn)
(7)transhipment are permitted at any port against, through B/lading 憑聯(lián)運(yùn)提單允許在任何港口轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)
（十四）、Date & Address of Expiry 有效日期與地點(diǎn)
1.valid in…for negotiation until… 在……議付至……止
2.draft(s) must be presented to the negotiating(or drawee)bank not later than… 匯票不得遲于……交議付行（受票行）
3.expiry date for presentation of documents… 交單滿期日
4.draft(s) must be negotiated not later than… 匯票要不遲于……議付
5.this L/C is valid for negotiation in China (or your port) until 15th, July 1977 本證于1977年7月15日止在中國議付有效
6.bills of exchange must be negotiated within 15 days from the date of bills of lading but not later than August 8, 1977 匯票須在提單日起15天內(nèi)議付，但不得遲于1977年8月8日
7.this credit remains valid in China until 23rd May, 1977(inclusive) 本證到1977年5月23日為止，包括當(dāng)日在內(nèi)在中國有效
8.expiry date August 15, 1977 in country of beneficiary for negotiation 于1977年8月15日在受益人國家議付期滿
9.draft(s) drawn under this credit must be presented for negotiation in China on or before 30th August, 1977 根據(jù)本證項(xiàng)下開具的匯票須在1977年8月30日或該日前在中國交單議付
10.this credit shall cease to be available for negotiation of beneficiary's drafts after 15th August, 1977 本證將在1977年8月15日以后停止議付受益人之匯票
11.expiry date 15th August, 1977 in the country of the beneficiary unless otherwise 除非另有規(guī)定，（本證）于1977年8月15日受益人國家滿期
12.draft(s) drawn under this credit must be negotiation in China on or before August 12, 1977 after which date this credit expires
憑本證項(xiàng)下開具的匯票要在1977年8月12日或該日以前在中國議付，該日以后本證失效
13.expiry (expiring) date… 滿期日……
14.…if negotiation on or before… 在……日或該日以前議付
15.negoation must be on or before the 15th day of shipment 自裝船日起15天或之前議付
16.this credit shall remain in force until 15th August 197 in China 本證到1977年8月15日為止在中國有效
17.the credit is available for negotiation or payment abroad until… 本證在國外議付或付款的日期到……為止
18.documents to be presented to negotiation bank within 15 days after shipment 單據(jù)需在裝船后15天內(nèi)交給議付行
19.documents must be presented for negotiation within…days after the on board date of bill of lading/after the date of issuance of forwarding agents' cargo receipts
單據(jù)需在已裝船提單/運(yùn)輸行簽發(fā)之貨物承運(yùn)收據(jù)日期后……天內(nèi)提示議付
（十五）、The Guarantee of the Opening Bank 開證行付款保證
1.we hereby engage with you that all drafts drawn under and in compliance with the terms of this credit will be duly honored 我行保證及時(shí)對(duì)所有根據(jù)本信用證開具、并與其條款相符的匯票兌付
2.we undertake that drafts drawn and presented in conformity with the terms of this credit will be duly honored 開具并交出的匯票，如與本證的條款相符，我行保證依時(shí)付款
3.we hereby engage with the drawers, endorsers and bona-fide holders of draft(s) drawn under and in compliance with the terms of the credit that such draft(s) shall be duly honored on due presentation and delivery of documents as specified (if drawn and negotiated with in the validity date of this credit) 凡根據(jù)本證開具與本證條款相符的匯票，并能按時(shí)提示和交出本證規(guī)定的單據(jù)，我行保證對(duì)出票人、背書人和善意持有人承擔(dān)付款責(zé)任（須在本證有效期內(nèi)開具匯票并議付）
4.provided such drafts are drawn and presented in accordance with the terms of this credit, we hereby engage with the drawers, endorsers and bona-fide holders that the said drafts shall be duly honored on presentation 凡根據(jù)本證的條款開具并提示匯票，我們擔(dān)保對(duì)其出票人、背書人和善意持有人在交單時(shí)承兌付款
5.we hereby undertake to honor all drafts drawn in accordance with the terms of this credit 所有按照本條款開具的匯票，我行保證兌付
（十六）、Special Conditions 特別條款
1.for special instructions please see overleaf 特別事項(xiàng)請(qǐng)看背面
2.at the time of negotiations you will be paid the draft amount less 5% due to… 議付時(shí)匯票金額應(yīng)少付5%付給……（注：這種條款是開證行對(duì)議付行的指示）
3.which amount the negotiation bank must authorize us to pay 該項(xiàng)金額須由議付行授權(quán)我行付給（注：指?jìng)蚪鸬慕痤~）
4.if the terms and conditions of this credit are not acceptable to you please contact the openers for necessary amendments 如你方不接受本證條款，請(qǐng)與開證人聯(lián)系以作必要修改
5.negotiations unrestricted/restricted to advising bank 不限制議付行/限于通知行
6.(the price)including packing charges （價(jià)格）包括包裝費(fèi)用
7.all documents must be separated 各種單據(jù)須分開（即聯(lián)合單證不接受）
8.beneficiary's drafts are to be made out for 95% of invoice value, being 5% commission payable to credit opener 受益人的匯票按發(fā)票金額95%開具，5%傭金付給開證人
9.drafts to be drawn for full CIF value less 5% commission, invoice to show full CIF value 匯票按CIF總金額減少5%開具發(fā)票須表明CIF的全部金額
10.5% commission to be remitted to credit openers by way of bank drafts in sterling pounds drawn on…this commission not to be showed on the invoice 5%傭金用英鎊開成以……為付款人的銀行匯票付給開證人，該傭金勿在發(fā)票上表明
11.freight and charges to be showed on bill of lading etc. 提單等（單據(jù)）須標(biāo)明運(yùn)費(fèi)及附加費(fèi)
12.cable copy of shipping advice dispatched to the accountee immediately after shipment 裝船后，即將裝船通知電報(bào)副本寄交開證人
13.one copy of commercial invoice and packing list should be sent to the credit openers 15 days before shipment 商業(yè)發(fā)票和裝箱單各一份須在裝船前15天寄給開證人
14.the beneficiary is to cable Mr.…stating L/C No., quantity shipped name & ETD of vessel within 5 days after shipment, a copy of this cable must accompany the documents for negotiation 受益人應(yīng)在裝船后5天內(nèi)將信用證號(hào)碼、裝船數(shù)量、船名和預(yù)計(jì)開航日期電告……先生，該電報(bào)的副本須隨同單據(jù)一起議付
15.all documents except bills of exchange and B/Lading to be made out in name of A.B.C.Co. Ltd. and which name is to be shown in B/Lading as joint notifying party with the applicant 除匯票和提單外，所有單據(jù)均須作成以A.B.C.有限公司為抬頭，并以該公司和申請(qǐng)人作為提單的通知人
16.signed carbon copy of cable required 要求（提供）經(jīng)簽署的電報(bào)復(fù)本
17.both shipment and validity dates of this credit shall be automatically extended for 15 days at the date of expiry 本證的裝船有效期均于到期日自延展15天
18.amount of credit and quantity of merchandise…% more or less acceptable 證內(nèi)金額與貨物數(shù)量允許增減……%
19.credit amount and shipment quantity…% more or less allowed 證內(nèi)金額與裝運(yùn)數(shù)量允許增減……%
20.shipment samples to be sent direct by airmail to buyer before shipment 裝運(yùn)前須將裝船貨樣直接航寄買方
21.cable accountee name of steamer/carriage number, quantity of goods and shipment date(or E.T.A.) 將船名/車號(hào)、貨物數(shù)量及裝船期（或預(yù)抵期）電告開證人
22.all banking charges outside Hong Kong are for account of accountee 香港以外的全部銀行費(fèi)用由開證人負(fù)擔(dān)
23.drawee Bank's charges and acceptance commission are for buyer's account 付款行的費(fèi)用和承兌費(fèi)用由買方負(fù)擔(dān)
24.port congestion surcharge, if any, is payable by openers in excess of this documentary credit amount against evidence 如果有港口擁擠費(fèi)，超過本證金額部分憑證明由開證人支付
25.amount of this credit may be exceeded by cost of insurance 本證金額可以超過保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)部分
26.this letter of credit is transferable in China only, in the event of a transfer, a letter from the first beneficiary must accompany the documents for negotiation 本信用證僅在中國可轉(zhuǎn)讓，如實(shí)行轉(zhuǎn)讓，由第一受益人發(fā)出的書面（證明）須連同單據(jù)一起議付
27.letter of guarantee and discrepancies are not acceptable 書面擔(dān)保和錯(cuò)誤單據(jù)均不接受
28.admixture 5% max. including organic matter such as weed and inorganic 雜質(zhì)最高5%，包括有機(jī)物（如雜草）和無機(jī)物
29.include this symbol “丹” in the shipping marks on each side of the carton(that is four markings in one carton) 包含有“丹”字記號(hào)的裝船嘜頭刷在紙箱的每一面（即每個(gè)紙箱要刷四個(gè)嘜頭）
（十七）、In Reimbursement 索償文句
1.instruction to the negotiation bank 議付行注意事項(xiàng)
(1)the amount and date of negotiation of each draft must be endorsed on reverse hereof by the negotiation bank 每份匯票的議付金額和日期必須由議付行在本證背面簽注
(2)this copy of credit is for your own file, please deliver the attached original to the beneficiaries 本證副本供你行存檔，請(qǐng)將隨附之正本遞交給受益人
(3)without you confirmation thereon （本證）無需你行保兌
(4)documents must be sent by consecutive airmails 單據(jù)須分別由連續(xù)航次郵寄（注：即不要將兩套或數(shù)套單據(jù)同一航次寄出）
(5)all original documents are to be forwarded to us by air mail and duplicate documents by sea-mail 全部單據(jù)的正本須用航郵，副本用平郵寄交我行
(6)please despatch the first set of documents including three copies of commercial invoices direct to us by registered airmail and the second set by following airmail 請(qǐng)將包括3份商業(yè)發(fā)票在內(nèi)的第一套單據(jù)用掛號(hào)航郵經(jīng)寄我行，第二套單據(jù)在下一次航郵寄出
(7)original documents must be sent by Registered airmail, and duplicate by subsequent airmail 單據(jù)的正本須用掛號(hào)航郵寄送，副本在下一班航郵寄送
(8)documents must by sent by successive (or succeeding) airmails 單據(jù)要由連續(xù)航郵寄送
(9)all documents made out in English must be sent to out bank in one lot 用英文繕制的所有單據(jù)須一次寄交我行
2.method of reimbursement 索償辦法
(1)in reimbursement, we shall authorize your Beijing Bank of China Head Office to debit our Head Office RMB Yuan account with them, upon receipt of relative documents 償付辦法，我行收到有關(guān)單據(jù)后，將授權(quán)你北京總行借記我總行在該行開立的人民幣帳戶
(2)in reimbursement draw your own sight drafts in sterling on…Bank and forward them to our London Office, accompanied by your certificate that all terms of this letter of credit have been complied with 償付辦法，由你行開出英鎊即期匯票向……銀行支取。在寄送匯票給我倫敦辦事處時(shí)，應(yīng)隨附你行的證明，聲明本證的全部條款已經(jīng)履行
(3)available by your draft at sight payable by us in London on the basis to sight draft on New York 憑你行開具之即期匯票向我行在倫敦的機(jī)構(gòu)索回票款，票款在紐約即期兌付
(4)in reimbursement, please claim from our RMB￥ account held with your banking department Bank of China Head Office Beijing with the amount of your negotiation 償付辦法，請(qǐng)?jiān)诒本┛傂形胰嗣駧艓糁兴骰啬阈凶h付之款項(xiàng)
(5)upon presentation of the documents to us, we shall authorize your head office backing department by airmail to debit the proceeds to our foreign business department account 一俟向我行提交單證，我行將用航郵授權(quán)你總行借記我行國外營業(yè)部帳戶
(6)after negotiation, you may reimburse yourselves by debiting our RMB￥ account with you, please forward all relative documents in one lot to us by airmail 議付后請(qǐng)借記我行在你行開立的人民幣帳戶，并將全部有關(guān)單據(jù)用航郵一次寄給我行
(7)all bank charges outside U.K. are for our principals account, but must claimed at the time of presentation of documents 在英國境外發(fā)生的所有銀行費(fèi)用，應(yīng)由開證人負(fù)擔(dān)，但須在提交單據(jù)是索取
(8)negotiating bank may claim reimbursement by T.T. on the…bank certifying that the credit terms have been complied with 議付行須證明本證條款已旅行，并按電匯條款向……銀行索回貨款
(9)negotiating bank are authorized to reimburse themselves to amount of their negotiation by redrawing by airmail at sight on…bank attaching to the reimbursement draft their certificate stating that all terms of the credit have been complied with and that the original and duplicate drafts and documents have been forwarded to us by consecutive airmail 議付行用航郵向……銀行重開一份即期匯票索取議付條款。索償匯票須附上證明，聲明本證所有條款已履行，單據(jù)的正副本已由連續(xù)航次寄交我行
（十八）、The Stipulations of “Uniform customs and Practice for documentary Credits” “跟單信用證統(tǒng)一慣例”文句
1.except as otherwise stated herein 除本證另有規(guī)定外
2.except so far as otherwise expressly stated 除非另有明確表示
3.this credit is subject to… 本證根據(jù)……解釋
4.uniform customs and practice for documentary credits 跟單信用證統(tǒng)一慣例
5.International Chamber of Commerce Brochure No.400 國際商會(huì)第400號(hào)手冊(cè)
6.1983 revision 1983年修訂本
7.except as otherwise expressly stated herein, this credit is subject to uniform customs and practice for documentary credits 1993 Revision, International Chamber of Commerce, publication No.500 除另有規(guī)定外，本證根據(jù)國際商會(huì)第500號(hào)出版物《跟單信用證統(tǒng)一慣例》1993年修訂解釋
七、練習(xí)題
請(qǐng)將答案填在答題紙相應(yīng)位置上
Part One: Questions 1-20
Directions: There are 20 sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. （在下列各題中選擇一個(gè)最佳答案填空。） 20%
1. Please try your best to push the sales of our goods ________ your end.
A. for B. to
C. by D. at
2. They intended to lower the cost of products. ________ they did not succeed in reducing the package cost.
A. Therefore B. And
C. Furthermore D. However
3. ________ your request, we have sent the samples to you by air.
A. In compliance to B. Compliance with
C. In comply with D. In compliance with
4. It is our ________ to do business on CIF basis.
A. usual way B. usual practice
C. common practice D. general practice
5. The buyer suggested that the packing of this article ________ improved.
A. be B. must have been
C. would be D. had to be
6. We were warmly welcomed ________ we entered the room.
A. where B. unless
C. until D. as soon as
7. Whoever submits an application earliest ________ the right to be interviewed first.
A. had B. have had
C. has D. have
8. It is ________ good chance ________ we mustn’t miss it.
A. so / that B. so a / that
C. such / that D. such a / that
9. ________ people involved, ________ the new procedures could be implemented.
A. The fewer / the earlier B. Fewer / earlier
C. The less / the earlier D. Less / earlier
10. ________ do you think we should interview for the newsletter?
A. Who B. Whoever
C. Whom D. Whomever
11. They felt ________ about the sales of the company.
A. badly B. bad
C. worse D. worst
12. Ms. Hansen is ________ than the office manager she replaced.
A. much more businesslike B. many more businesslike
C. much more business like D. much business like
13. Mr. Sims has been ill, but we expect him ________ by next month.
A. to be well B. well
C. to be good D. good
14. Several people, ________ I listed below, have not submitted their reports.
A. that B. whom
C. which D. who
15. Alex works harder than ________ in the office.
A. everyone else B. anyone else
C. everyone D. anyone
16. ________ your decision to place regular orders with us, we request that you furnish us with two references for the initial purchase.
A. While appreciating B. As appreciating
C. When appreciate D. Because we appreciate
17. If there were fewer management staff, more work ________ .
A. would be done B. will be done
C. have to be done D. should be done
18. No one made more profit in that transaction than ________ .
A. her B. them
C. he D. him
19. Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still ________ .
A. a good place to live in B. lived as a good place
C. lived in as a good place D. a good place to live
20. Mr. Howard, ________ his study of the situation, was ready to talk about it when I arrived.
A. completed B. having completed
C. had completed D. being completed
Part Two: Questions 21-30
There is one mistake in each of the following questions. Detect and correct the mistakes. Write your corrections together with the mistakes on the answer sheet. （下列每句各有一 個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，找出錯(cuò)誤并改正。請(qǐng)將錯(cuò)誤及改正寫在答題紙上。） 20%
Example: Who’s taking care the dog while you’re away?
taking care → taking care of
21. At receipt of your advice we shall open the letter of credit immediately.
22. Computers have made a great contribution to the civilization of the whole world after it began to be widely used.
23. He told me that he would come here or not was still uncertain.
24. I’m certain that if you work harder, you are to success.
25. I suggest that he gets up early next morning so as to catch the first bus.
26. The numbers of this claim do not correspond those on the printout.
27. Packed in a box, the typist could not find the machine.
28. Mrs. Strong is responsible with hiring computer personnel.
29. The manager is confident that there will not be many objections for these proposals.
30. The most worst economic reversal of the twentieth century, the Great Depression of the 1930s, began in the United States.
Part Three: Questions 31-40
Write logical sentences with the words and phrases given. (用所給的詞和詞組寫出符合邏輯的句子。) 10%
31. herself / descending / and / hurt / the staircase / she / slipped
32. the repairs / now / to carry out / you /us /are / completed /asked
33. now / cassette tapes / perfection / of / the production / reached / has
34. promotion policies / on / he / the recent proposal / angrily / about / spoke
35. then / the president / the annual report / and / presented / merger / the / announced
36. January / travel restrictions / for / the convention / was cancelled / owing to / scheduled
37. to write / for information / the salesperson / us / the main office / told / to / directly
38. the brochure / the advertising manager / wrote / to the customers / printed and mailed / had it
39. that / have forgotten / data form / find / we / you / to file / the required / personal
40. you / we / are writing / for the meeting / of / the change / to inform / in our plans
Part Four: Questions 41-50
Each of the following sentences contains one punctuation error. One punctuation in each is either missing or misused. Detect the error and write the missing punctuation or your correction together with the word before the punctuation on the answer sheet. （下面每句都有一個(gè)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)錯(cuò)誤，該用標(biāo)點(diǎn)處未用標(biāo)點(diǎn)或標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)用錯(cuò)。改正錯(cuò)誤或補(bǔ)寫標(biāo)點(diǎn)，并將其與前面的一個(gè)單詞一起填寫在答題紙上。） 10%
Example: A. What a nice present you gave me. me!
B. You think you are right don’t you? right,
41. Will you attend the sales meeting? or will you send a substitute?
42. The ability to communicate is essential, the ability to communicate on the job is critical.
43. We only hire persons with an M.B.A degree for that type of position.
44. Its time for the appointment; he’ll represent me.
45. We can’t place an order with you at present, because, we find your price is on the high side.
46. I heard Mr. Lee close the door, but, I didn’t hear him open it.
47. She showed me the books; two novels by Faulkner and a book on economics
48. I cannot wait any longer for your answer, I assume that you are not interested in the job.
49. You are Jims secretary, I’m sure.
50. He is someone, that can accomplish a great deal in a short period of time.
Part Five:
Memo Writing (15%)
51. Your company has developed rapidly in recent years, which has also caused problems of organization and communications. The Board of Directors has engaged a firm of management consultants to study the organization and suggest improved means of communication. You are Secretary to the Managing Director, who asks you to draft a memo to be sent to all staff, announcing the decision. Now draft a memo of about 50 words to this effect.
Part Six:
Letter Writing (25%)
52. 寫一封字?jǐn)?shù)在130－150之間的推薦信, 推薦一位曾在你公司工作過的銷售員。內(nèi)容包括:
1)他(她)在你公司的簡歷;
2)他(她)在你公司的表現(xiàn);
3)他(她)的人格品德;
4)此信的目的。
